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Affine monoid : ウィキペディア英語版
Affine monoid
In abstract algebra, a branch of mathematics, an affine monoid is a commutative monoid that is finitely generated, and is isomorphic to a submonoid of a free abelian group''d'', ''d'' ≥ 0. Affine monoids are closely connected to convex polyhedra, and their associated algebras are of much use in the algebraic study of these geometric objects.
== Characterization ==

* Affine monoids are finitely generated. This means for a monoid M , there exists m_1, \dots , m_n \in M such that
: M = m_1\mathbb+\dots + m_n\mathbb .
* Affine monoids are cancellative. In other words,
:x + y = x + z implies that y = z for all x,y,z \in M, where + denotes the binary operation on the affine monoid M.
* Affine monoids are also torsion free. For an affine monoid M, nx = ny implies that x = y for n \in \mathbb, and x, y \in M.
* A subset N of a monoid M that is itself a monoid with respect to the operation on M is a submonoid of M.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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